Ordinary forgings are mechanical components manufactured through the forging process. They primarily transmit force or support mechanical systems through their geometric shape and material properties. The basic structure typically consists of the main load-bearing part and functional features.
Ordinary forgings are mechanical components made using the forging process. They transmit force or support mechanical systems primarily through their geometric shape and material properties. The basic structure usually consists of the main load-bearing part and functional features. During the forging process, metal blanks are plastically deformed under high temperatures by hammering or pressure processing, forming a dense fiber flow structure that significantly enhances the material's strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance.
In terms of material selection, carbon steels such as 45 steel and 35 steel are cost-effective and have good machinability, suitable for general load-bearing scenarios. Alloy steels like 40Cr and 42CrMo, by adding elements such as chromium and molybdenum, improve hardenability and high-temperature resistance, used in high-stress or impact environments. Stainless steels like 304 and 316 are used in corrosive media environments.
The nominal pressure range reflects the pressure-bearing capacity of the forgings, typically divided by application scenarios: low-pressure forgings are designed for pressures ranging from 0.1 to 1.6 MPa, complying with general industrial standards; medium to high-pressure forgings can reach 1.6 to 10 MPa and require alloy steels with enhanced heat treatment; for special fields, the pressure of forgings may exceed 50 MPa, requiring customized materials and processes.
In terms of size, small forgings have diameters as small as a few millimeters with smaller modules; medium-sized forgings can have diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of millimeters, with modules between 5 and 20; large forgings can have diameters exceeding several meters, requiring segmented forging and welding. Size design depends on parameters such as module and pressure angle (e.g., the 20° standard for gears), with key dimensions like pitch diameter and tooth height calculated by formula to ensure assembly accuracy and functional compatibility.
Sealing surface types mainly apply to forgings that require sealed connections. Common types include flat seal (FF), raised face seal (RF), and ring-joint face (RTJ).
